Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is a type of dizziness that affects many adults. It is caused by a problem with the inner ear and can lead to severe dizziness and vertigo. As an experienced Audiologist, it is important for me to educate my patients about this condition and how it can be managed. In this article, we will discuss the diagnosis, treatment and management solutions for BPPV, why a diagnostic assessment is important, and what are the outcomes if not treated.
Diagnosis of BPPV
Diagnosing BPPV can be challenging, as many of the symptoms can be mistaken for other conditions. However, an Audiologist can diagnose BPPV by conducting a thorough evaluation of your medical history, symptoms, and physical examination. An audiogram and other diagnostic tests, such as videonystagmography (VNG), can also be conducted to confirm the diagnosis of BPPV.
Treatment of BPPV
BPPV is a treatable condition, and the main goal of treatment is to alleviate the vertigo and dizziness associated with the condition. The most effective treatment for BPPV is a simple and safe procedure known as the Epley manoeuvre. This manoeuvre involves a series of head and body movements that are designed to reposition the floating particles in the inner ear, thus reducing vertigo and dizziness. The Epley manoeuvre can be performed by an Audiologist, ENT, vestibular Physiotherapist or General Practitioner, and it is typically performed in the office.
In some cases, medications may be prescribed to help relieve the symptoms of BPPV. Anti-vertigo medication can help reduce dizziness and vertigo, but they may cause drowsiness and other side effects. If medications are prescribed, it is important to follow the dosing instructions carefully, and to inform your ENT or GP of any side effects that may occur.
Management of BPPV
In addition to the Epley manoeuvre and medication, there are other strategies that can help manage BPPV. For example, avoiding sudden head movements, lying down flat on your back when you feel dizzy, and avoiding strenuous activities can help reduce the symptoms of BPPV. Additionally, vestibular rehabilitation exercises can help improve balance and reduce dizziness.
A diagnostic assessment is important for several reasons. First, an accurate diagnosis can help determine the underlying cause of your symptoms, which can guide the appropriate treatment plan. Second, a diagnostic assessment can help determine if there are any other underlying health conditions that may be contributing to your symptoms. Third, a diagnostic assessment can help determine if there are any other underlying hearing conditions, such as hearing loss, that may be contributing to your symptoms.
If BPPV is not treated, it can lead to persistent vertigo and dizziness, which can negatively impact your quality of life. Additionally, the persistent vertigo and dizziness can lead to falls and other accidents, which can cause injury. Furthermore, if BPPV is not treated, it can lead to a decline in your overall health and well-being, as well as an increased risk of depression and anxiety.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a treatable condition that can cause severe vertigo and dizziness. If you suspect that you may be suffering from BPPV, it is important to see an Audiologist for a diagnostic assessment. An Audiologist can diagnose BPPV and provide you with effective treatment and management solutions and referrals, including the Epley manoeuvere medications, and vestibular rehabilitation exercises.
Related reading
References
Hornibrook, J. (2011). Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): history, pathophysiology, office treatment and future directions. International journal of otolaryngology, 2011.
Reinink, H., Wegner, I., Stegeman, I., & Grolman, W. (2014). Rapid systematic review of repeated application of the epley maneuver for treating posterior BPPV. Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, 151(3), 399-406.
Yetiser, S. (2020). Review of the pathology underlying benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Journal of International Medical Research, 48(4), 0300060519892370.
